Written Directions for 1st Term Mastery Skills Whole Number: Addition- Add each column from right to left.If the answer from a column is one digit write it under that column.If the answer is 2-digits then write down the ones from the answer and carry the tens to the next column.As you add from right to left, if you have carried combine that number with the rest of the column numbers. Subtraction-Subtract each column from right to left.If the number on top is smaller than the bottom then borrow 1 group from the column to the left.Subtract that column then move on to the next column to the left. Multiplication-Multiply the top number from right to left by the ones digit on the bottom row. If the answer for a product is 2-digit then write down the ones digit and carry the tens digit to the next column. Continue until the top number has been multiplied by the ones digit on the bottom.Because the tens digit on the bottom is really a group of ten, putting a place holding zero under the first digit in the first row and then multiply the tens digit from the bottom row as if it were a single digit.Last step add the two rows together following the whole number addition steps. Division-Ask how many times the divisor (the outside Number) will go into the first digit inside the bar.If the divisor is larger than the first digit of the dividend then put a zero up on top of the bar in the quotient.After you divide then multiply the number that you put up in the quotient by the divisor on the side. Subtract that number from the number you divided.Check to see if the difference (the subtraction answer) is less than the divisor and if it is then bring down the next digit from the dividend and start dividing again. When you subtract for the last time put that answer as the remainder. Decimals: Addition-line up the decimals vertically and then add zeroes to the right to make all the columns end in the same place.Add like whole numbers then bring the decimal straight down.If you have a whole number then the decimal should be placed to the right of it. Subtraction-line up the decimals, whole numbers have a decimal to the right of the number.If the top number is shorter than the bottom fill in with zeroes so you have something to borrow from.Subtract like whole number subtraction and bring down the decimal into the answer. Multiplication-multiply like whole numbers and then count the number of digits after the decimal in the problem.After the multiplication is finished place the decimal so that you have the same number of digits after the decimal as you did in the problem. Prime Factorization-Divide the given number by any prime number that will divide into it evenly.Continue this process until the answer to the division problem is prime.List all of these prime numbers with multiplication signs between them. Rounding to the nearest tenths or hundredths-Leave all digits to the left the same.Look at the column you’re asked to round to and either leave it the same or round up one if the next column to the right is 5 or larger.Once you have done this the answer ends in the column you were asked to round to. Order of Operations-Use the PEMDAS model and do ( ) from left to right. Then exponents, (multiplication and division) whichever comes first, then (addition and subtraction) whichever comes first.
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Whole Number:
Addition- Add each column from right to left. If the answer from a column is one digit write it under that column. If the answer is 2-digits then write down the ones from the answer and carry the tens to the next column. As you add from right to left, if you have carried combine that number with the rest of the column numbers.
Subtraction-Subtract each column from right to left. If the number on top is smaller than the bottom then borrow 1 group from the column to the left. Subtract that column then move on to the next column to the left.
Multiplication-Multiply the top number from right to left by the ones digit on the bottom row. If the answer for a product is 2-digit then write down the ones digit and carry the tens digit to the next column. Continue until the top number has been multiplied by the ones digit on the bottom. Because the tens digit on the bottom is really a group of ten, putting a place holding zero under the first digit in the first row and then multiply the tens digit from the bottom row as if it were a single digit. Last step add the two rows together following the whole number addition steps.
Division-Ask how many times the divisor (the outside Number) will go into the first digit inside the bar. If the divisor is larger than the first digit of the dividend then put a zero up on top of the bar in the quotient. After you divide then multiply the number that you put up in the quotient by the divisor on the side. Subtract that number from the number you divided. Check to see if the difference (the subtraction answer) is less than the divisor and if it is then bring down the next digit from the dividend and start dividing again. When you subtract for the last time put that answer as the remainder.
Decimals:
Addition-line up the decimals vertically and then add zeroes to the right to make all the columns end in the same place. Add like whole numbers then bring the decimal straight down. If you have a whole number then the decimal should be placed to the right of it.
Subtraction-line up the decimals, whole numbers have a decimal to the right of the number. If the top number is shorter than the bottom fill in with zeroes so you have something to borrow from. Subtract like whole number subtraction and bring down the decimal into the answer.
Multiplication-multiply like whole numbers and then count the number of digits after the decimal in the problem. After the multiplication is finished place the decimal so that you have the same number of digits after the decimal as you did in the problem.
Prime Factorization-Divide the given number by any prime number that will divide into it evenly. Continue this process until the answer to the division problem is prime. List all of these prime numbers with multiplication signs between them.
Rounding to the nearest tenths or hundredths-Leave all digits to the left the same. Look at the column you’re asked to round to and either leave it the same or round up one if the next column to the right is 5 or larger. Once you have done this the answer ends in the column you were asked to round to.
Order of Operations-Use the PEMDAS model and do ( ) from left to right. Then exponents, (multiplication and division) whichever comes first, then (addition and subtraction) whichever comes first.
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